Substances

This project will provide novel and critically important tools in artificial intelligence for the detection of substance misuse and COVID-19 from the electronic health record (EHR). Development and validation of a digital classifier would enable a standardized approach to perform screening on all patient encounters on a daily basis in health systems. We will rigorously develop and test the classifier retrospectively on an existing dataset of 60,000 patients who have been screened for COVID-19.

Although accrediting organizations, funding sources, and other agencies require community treatment providers to monitor performance, there are no studies showing that this is an effective practice or that it helps addiction treatment patients, clinicians, or managers. This feasibility study tested whether one such strategy, feeding back performance data to clinic staff, could improve patient attendance and abstinence.

Cocaine craving is a core symptom of cocaine use disorder and remains a consistent obstacle to achieving sustained reductions in use and relapse prevention. The literature on the relationship between craving and treatment outcomes is mixed. This study will analyze data from CTN 0048, A randomized study to test the safety and effectiveness of buprenorphine in the presence of naltrexone for the treatment of cocaine dependence.

Medical Cannabis Use among Primary Care Patients: Using Electronic Health Records to Study Large Populations. The objective of the proposed rapid response research, in a state with legal medical and nonmedical cannabis use, is to better understand medical use of cannabis in a single large health system that routinely asks primary care patients about the frequency of past-year cannabis use.

This project will identify strategies, facilitators, and barriers to retention and recruitment of pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder through pregnancy and the first year postpartum in the Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Expectant Mothers (MOMs) trial. We will conduct interviews of research team members from the 13 MOMS sites and focus groups of study participants. We will convene a Delphi panel with research team members and content experts to develop guidelines for future studies.

The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a nationally representative longitudinal study of tobacco use and health in the United States. A collaboration between the National Institute of Health (NIH) National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products, the study was launched in 2011.