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Vaccine Readiness in People Who Use Substances In Community STI Clinics and Substance Use Intervention or Harm Reduction Programs In Eight Higher HIV Incidence Southeastern Cities

Research is needed to determine prospects for COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people living in higher prevalence communities, hit hard by serial surges, and enacting tenuous policies for COVID-19 mask use, social distancing, and business and social gathering restrictions. Such research is especially crucial for devising strategies to promote vaccine uptake among disenfranchised people of color, who are often limited by disparities due to lower resources and higher mistrust for adopting health care innovations.

Susan Tross, Ph.D

Associate Professor

Implementing a Maternal health and PRegnancy Outcomes Vision for Everyone (IMPROVE) Initiative

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) launched the IMPROVE initiative in 2019 in response to high rates of pregnancy-related complications and deaths, also called maternal morbidity and mortality, in the United States.

The IMPROVE initiative supports research to reduce preventable causes of maternal deaths and improve health for women before, during, and after pregnancy. It includes a special emphasis on populations that are disproportionately affected.

Human Placenta Project: How Does the Placenta Form?

The illustrations below show how the human placenta develops. The timeline of placental development shows how the placenta changes over the course of pregnancy. A crucial stage of placental development is when blood vessels in the lining of the uterus are remodeled, increasing the supply of blood to the placenta. This process, called spiral artery remodeling, is also illustrated in close-up.

Overview of Justice System Research Initiatives

NIDA funds a broad portfolio of research addressing drug abuse in the context of the justice system. Drug abuse and crime are highly correlated in both the adult criminal justice system and the juvenile justice system. Estimates suggest that over half of individuals in prison and nearly two thirds of individuals in jails met criteria for drug dependence or misuse. 1 Among adolescents involved in serious offenses, substance dependence or misuse is approximately 3-4 times higher than that of the general population of adolescents.

Characteristics of Screening, Evaluation, and Treatment of HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis C Viral Infection, and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs

Substance abuse is associated with a wide spectrum of medical disorders, including infections due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) as well as sexually transmitted infections. Despite the seriousness of this problem, there has not been a systematic investigation of infectious disease services in the substance abuse treatment health care delivery system.